Authorship Compliants

If the complained-about author accepts the complaint

The editorial office will assess the appropriate corrective action, which may include a correction, corrigendum, or retraction, depending on the nature and seriousness of the authorship issue.

If the complained-about author rejects the complaint

The editor will evaluate the response, communicate relevant explanations to the complainant where appropriate, and may request additional evidence from the parties involved.

If an author does not respond

The journal may refer the matter to the institution where the research was conducted or where the relevant author is affiliated, requesting an independent investigation or clarification.

If an institution investigates the matter

The journal will carefully consider the institution's findings while retaining editorial responsibility for determining any action necessary to protect the integrity of the published scholarly record.

If a funding agency is relevant

The journal may review the relevant funding disclosures and, where necessary, contact the funding agency for clarification or further information.

If the parties cannot reach a resolution

The editor will assess the available evidence and determine, in consultation with the publisher where appropriate, the appropriate editorial response. Actions may include a correction, corrigendum, expression of concern, or retraction, depending on the circumstances and the evidence available.

Authorship complaints will be handled confidentially, fairly, and impartially, with due consideration for all parties involved. Decisions will be based on the available evidence and will be independent of personal, institutional, or commercial interests