The Effect of Islamic Financial Literation And Financial Technology On Islamic Financial Inclusion

Basrowi Basrowi, Tulus Suryanto, Erike Anggraeni, Muhammad Nasor

Abstract


Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the magnitude of the influence of Islamic financial literacy and Islamic financial technology on the inclusion of Islamic finance in students in Lampung Province both partially and simultaneously.

Design Methods:The method used is a survey method. The population of this study is all smester V students and above in Islamic Economics Study Program, Islamic Banking. and sharia accounting in all State and Private Universities in Lampung Province, totaling 3080 people. The sampling technique used is proportional grain sampling, as much as 10% of the population of 308 people. Data collected using surveys, with google form. The collected data were analyzed using simple and multiple regression analysis.

Findings:Based on the results of the analysis it can be concluded, first, there is a positive and significant influence between the literacy of Islamic finance on Islamic financial inclusion. Second, there is a positive and significant influence between Islamic financial technology on Islamic financial inclusion. Third, there is a positive and significant influence between Islamic financial literacy and Islamic financial technology together on Islamic financial inclusion.

Originality Value: Of the two independent variables, sharia financial literacy variables contributed more than sharia financial technology variables to sharia financial inclusion.


Keywords


Literacy, Financial, Technolgy, Inclusion, Finance, Sharia

Full Text:

PDF

References


ADB, Accelerating financial inclusion in south-east Asia with digital finance. Technical report. Asian Development Bank. Available at: http://www.oliverwyman.com/content/dam/oliver-wyman/v2/publications/2017/jan/Accelerating-financial-inclusion-in-south-east-asia.pdf . (Accessed 14 November 2017).

Adele Atkinson, Flore-Anne Messy, ‘Measuring Financial Literacy:Results of the OECD / International Network on Financial Education (INFE) Pilot Study’, OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance and Private Pensions, No. 15, OECD Publishing, (2012). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01170.x.

Alimirucchi, Wahyu, ‘Analyzing Operational And Financial Performance On The Financial Technology (Fintech) Firm (Case Study on Samsung Pay)’, (2017), 3

Alwi, Achmad Basori. 2018. ‘Pembiayaan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi (Fintech) Yang Berdasarkan Syariah’, Al-Qanun: Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pembaharuan Hukum Islam, 21 (2018), 255–71. http://jurnalfsh.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/qanun/article/view/684

Anagnostopoulos, Ioannis, ‘Fintech and Regtech: Impact on Regulators and Banks’, Journal of Economics and Business, 100 (2018), 7–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.07.003.

Anderson, Anders, Forest Baker, and David T. Robinson, ‘Precautionary Savings, Retirement Planning and Misperceptions of Financial Literacy’, Journal of Financial Economics, 126 (2017), 383–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2017.07.008.

Antara, Purnomo M., Rosidah Musa, and Faridah Hassan, ‘Bridging Islamic Financial Literacy and Halal Literacy: The Way Forward in Halal Ecosystem’, Procedia Economics and Finance, (2016) . https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(16)30113-7.

Ariely, Dan, and Sevgi Yuksel, ‘Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization When Is Inequality Fair ? An Experiment on the Effect of Procedural Justice and Agency R Merve Akba S’, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 161 (2019), 114–27 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.02.014.

Authors, For, ‘Journal of Management History’, 2016

Atkinson, A. and F. Messy, Measuring Financial Literacy: Results of the OECD / International Network on Financial Education (INFE) Pilot Study. OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance and Private Pensions (2012), No. 15, OECD Publishing.http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k9csfs90fr4-en.

Bank Indonesia, ‘PBI 18/40/PBI/2016 Penyelenggaraan Pemprosesan Transaksi Pembayaran’, (2016), 51.

Barbesino, P., Camerani, R., & Gaudino, A. (2005). Digital finance in Europe:Competitivedynamicsandonlinebehaviour.JournalofFinancialServicesMarketing, 9(4),329e343.

Bellofatto, Anthony, Catherine D’Hondt, and Rudy De Winne, ‘Subjective Financial Literacy and Retail Investors’ Behavior’, Journal of Banking and Finance, 92 (2018), 168–81 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2018.05.004.

Bongomin, George O. C., Joseph Mpeera Ntayi, John C. Munene, Isaac Nkote Nabeta, "Social capital: mediator of financial literacy and financial inclusion in rural Uganda", Review of International Business and Strategy (2016), Vol. 26 Issue: 2, pp.291-312, https://doi.org/10.1108/RIBS-06-2014-0072

Brent, Daniel A., and Michael B. Ward, ‘Energy Efficiency and Financial Literacy’, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 90 (2018), 181–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeem.2018.05.004.

Brune, L., Giné, X., Goldberg, J., & Yang, D., Facilitating savings foragriculture: Field experimental evidence from Malawi. Economic Developmentand Cultural Change (2016), 64(2), 187–220

Buchak, Greg, Gregor Matvos, Tomasz Piskorski, and Amit Seru, ‘Fintech, Regulatory Arbitrage, and the Rise of Shadow Banks’, Journal of Financial Economics, 130 (2018), 453–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfineco.2018.03.01.

Bruhn, M., & Love, I., The real impact of improved access to finance: Evidencefrom Mexico. Journal of Finance (2014), 69(3), 1347–1369.

Cecchetti, S., & Kharroubi, E. ,Reassessing the impact of finance ongrowth. BIS Working Paper 381. BIS (2012), Basel

Collins, D., Morduch, J., Rutherford, S., & Ruthven, O. Portfolios of thepoor: How the world's poor live on $2 a day. Princeton University Press, 2009.

Cohen, Monique dan Nelson, Candace, Financial Literacy : A Step for Clients Towards Financial Inclusion. Valladolid : Global Microcredit Summit, 2011.

Cordero, R.C.H & Marouzé, P.D. Financial Inclusion through Financial Education in Mexico: Is Financial Education the way to achieve Social and Financial Inclusion. Thesis. International Master in Microfinance for Entrepreneurship from the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. https://www.mastermicrofinance.com/Investigacion/WP4_2016-Hernandez_Marouze-Financial_Inclusion_through_Financial_Education_in_Mexico_p.pdf

CGAP, What is Digital Financial Inclusionand Why Does it Matter? 10 March 2015. Availableat:http://www.cgap.org/blog/what-digital-financial-inclusion-and-why-does-it-matter.

Champox, Joseph E., & Thomson S. W., Organizational Behavior, Essential Tenets, 2003.

Demirguc-Kunt, Asli; Klapper, Leora; Singer, Dorothe; Ansar, Saniya; Hess, Jake.,Global Findex Database 2017 : Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution. Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/29510 License: CC BY 3.0 IGO.”

Dupas, P., & Robinson, J.,Savings constraints and microenterprisedevelopment: Evidence from a field experiment in Kenya. American EconomicJournal: Applied Economics (2013), 5(1), 163–192

Dranev, Yury, Ksenia Frolova, and Elena Ochirova, ‘The Impact of Fintech M&A on Stock Returns’, Research in International Business and Finance, 48 (2019), 353–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2019.01.012.

Drasch, Benedict J., André Schweizer, and Nils Urbach, ‘Integrating the “Troublemakers”: A Taxonomy for Cooperation between Banks and Fintechs’, Journal of Economics and Business, 100 (2018), 26–42 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.04.002.

Dhar, V. & Stein, R.M, FinTech platforms and strategy. Communications of the ACM: 2017,32-35.Diakses dari https://doi.org/10.1145/3132726 pada tanggal 3 Oktober 2018 pukul 16.00WIB

Salinan Fatwa DSN No 117/DSN-MUI/II/2018 Tentang Layanan Pembiayaan Berbasis Teknologi Informasi, (2018), URL: https://drive.google.com/file/ d/1qCu2X6MTIFn YqK22 eMx7uFL53AXBT9Vo/view

Fan, Pei Sai, Singapore Approach to Develop and Regulate FinTech, Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, Volume 1: Cryptocurrency, FinTech, InsurTech, and Regulation, 1st edn (Elsevier Inc., 2017), i . https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-810441-5.00015-4.

FSB (Financial Stability Board), Perandan Tantangan Industri FinTech (Financial Technology) dalam Perekonomian, diakses pada https://www.ajarekonomi.com/2018/01/peran-dan-tantangan-industri- fintech.html,

Gai, Keke, Meikang Qiu, and Xiaotong Sun, ‘A Survey on FinTech’, Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 103 (2018), 262–73 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2017.10.011.

Gomber, P., Koch, J. A., & Siering, M., Digital finance and FinTech:Current research and future research directions. Journal of Business Eco-nomics (2017), 67(5), 537e580

Grohmann, Antonia, Theres Klühs, and Lukas Menkhoff, ‘Does Financial Literacy Improve Financial Inclusion ? Cross Country Evidence’, World Development, 111 (2018), 84–96 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.06.020.

Global Findex, 2017, baca juga (Demirguc-Kunt, Klapper, Singer, & Van Oudheusden, 2015, Demirgüç-Kunt, Klapper, Singer, Ansar, & Hess.

Hanson, Thomas A., and Peter M. Olson, ‘Financial Literacy and Family Communication Patterns’, Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, 19 (2018), 64–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbef.2018.05.001.

Han, R., & Melecky, M. Financial inclusion for financial stability:Access to bank deposits and the growth of deposits in the globalfinancial crisis. World bank policy research working paper 6577. WorldBank, 2013.

Hannig, A., & Jansen, S., Financial inclusion and financial stability: Current policy issues, 2010.

Hung, et.al. (2009). Defining and Measuring Financial Literacy. RAND Labor and Population Working Paper Series. WR-708.

Hutabrat, Febrina. “Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Dan Financial Technology Terhadap Inklusi Keuangan Pada Masyarakat Jabodetabek.” Tesis. Fakultas Ekonomi Dan Manajemen. Institut Pertanian Bogor. https://repository.ipb.ac.id/j spui/ bitstream/123456789/95669/1/H18fhu.pdf, Accesed 2020.

Hökkä, Päivi, Katja Vähäsantanen, and Susanna Paloniemi, ‘Emotions in Leaders ’ Enactment of Professional Agency’, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1108/JWL-07-2018-0086

Hsiao, Yu Jen, and Wei Che Tsai, ‘Financial Literacy and Participation in the Derivatives Markets’, Journal of Banking and Finance, 88 (2018), 15–29 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2017.11.006.

Indonesia, Bank, ‘PBI 18/40/PBI/2016 Penyelenggaraan Pemprosesan Transaksi Pembayaran’, 2016, 51

Indonesia, Departemen Pengembangan Akses Keuangan dan UMKM Bank, ‘Booklet Keuangan Inklusif’, 2014, 1–17

Jagtiani, Julapa, and Kose John, ‘Fintech: The Impact on Consumers and Regulatory Responses’, Journal of Economics and Business, 100 (2018), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.11.002.

Jagtiani, Julapa, and Catharine Lemieux, ‘Do Fintech Lenders Penetrate Areas That Are Underserved by Traditional Banks?’, Journal of Economics and Business, 100 (2018), 43–54 . ://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.03.001.

Kardinal, Pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap penggunaan produk keuangan pada mahasiswa STIE Multi Data Palembang. Jurnal Ilmiah STIE MDP (2017), 7(1): 55- 64

Kunt, A. Demirguc, Klapper, L., & Singer, D. The global findex database 2014: Measuring financial inclution around the world. elibary. worlbank.org. URL: https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/abs/10.1596/1813-9450-7255

Kharchenko, Olga, ‘Financial Literacy In Ukraine: Determinants and Implications for Saving Behavior’, A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MA in Economics Kyiv MA in Economics (Kyiv School of Economics), 2011, 1–47.

Khan, H. R., Financial inclusion and financial stability: are they two sides of the same coin. Speech at BANCON. BIS Working Paper. Available: http://www.bis.org/review/r111229f.pdf, 2011.

Klapper, L., El-Zoghbi, M., Hess, J. (2016). Achieving the sustainable development goals – The role of financial inclusion. CGAP Working Paper

Klapper, L., Lusardi, A., van Oudheusden, P. Financial literacy around the world: Insights from the standards and poor’s ratings service global financial literacy survey. https://www.finlit.mhfi.com, Accesed 2015.

Ellis, K., Lemma, A., & Rud, J. P. (2010). Financial inclusion, householdinvestment and growth in Kenya and Tanzania. London: ODI ProjectBriefing No.43 Overseas Development Institute

Levine, Loayza, & Beck, T. Financial Intermediation and Growth: Causality and Causes. Journal of monetary Economics (2000), 46(1): pp. 31-77

Leonard, Matt., “G2P, Expanding Financial Inclusion in the Pacific: Fiji’s Transfer of Social Welfare to a Savings-Linked Electronic Payment.” Suava, Fiji: PFIP, United Nations Development Programme Pacific Centre. https://btca-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/documents/104/english_attachments/G2P-Expanding_Financial_Inclusion_in_the_Pacific_Report.pdf?1442102502, 2011.

Lusardi,A.,&Mitchell,O.S.(2014).Theeconomicimportanceoffinancialliteracy:Theoryandevidence.JournalofEconomicLiterature,52(1),5–44

Maimun,2019,Metode Penemuan Hukum dan Implementasinya, cet VI, Anugrah Utama Raharja (AURA): Bandar Lampung, hlm.60-61

Malaguti, Maria Chiara, “Payment System Regulation for Improving Financial Inclusion.” Washington, D.C.: Center for Global Development.https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/CGD-Policy-Paper-70-Malaguti-Payment-Systems-Financial-Inclusion-1.pdf, Accesed 2020.

Makarevich, A., Organizing for success in internal corporate venturing: An inductive case study of a multinasional consumer goods company, Creativity and Innovation Management (2017), 26(2), pp. 189-201.

Mawarni, Iska Sri, ‘Analisis Presepsi Masyarakat Pengguna Layanan Transaksi Digital Pada Financial Technology’, Journal of Financial Technology, 5 (2017), 6–13

Manyika, J., Lund, S., Singer, M., White, O., & Berry, C. (2016). Digitalfinance for all: Powering inclusive growth in emerging economies. USA:McKinsey Global Institute.

Muzdalifa, Irma & dkk, “Peran Fintech Dalam Meningkatkan KeuanganInklusif Pada UMKM di Indonesia (Pendekatan Keuangan Syariah)”, Jurnal Masharif al- Syariah: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Perbankan Syariah Vol. 3, No. 1, 2018,5.

Milian, Eduardo Z., Mauro de M. Spinola, and Marly M.de Carvalho, ‘Fintechs: A Literature Review and Research Agenda’, Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 34 (2019), 100833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2019.100833.

Mouna, Amari, and Jarboui Anis, ‘Financial Literacy in Tunisia: Its Determinants and Its Implications on Investment Behavior’, Research in International Business and Finance, 39 (2017), 568–77 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ribaf.2016.09.018.

Muat s, Miftah D, Wulandari H. 2014. Analisis tingkat literasi keuangan dan dampaknya terhadap keputusan pinjaman pribadi. 3rdEconomics &Business Research Festival. Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana. 465-478

Nyamute, Effect Of Financial Literacy On Personal Financial Management Practices: A Case Study Of Employees Of Finance And Banking Institutions. Department Of Finance And Accounting,School Of Business, University Of Nairobi, 2010.

OECD : Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, ‘Measuring Financial Literacy: Questionnaire and Guidance Notes for Conducting an Internationally Comparable Survey of Financial Literacy’, Paris: OECD, 2011, 31

OJK, ‘Survei Nasional Literasi Dan Inklusi Keuangan 2016’, 2016, 1–26

Ozili, Peterson K, ‘Impact of Digital Finance on Financial Inclusion and Stability’, Borsa Istanbul Review, 18 (2018), 329–40 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2017.12.003.Salampasis, Dimitrios, and Anne Laure Mention, FinTech: Harnessing Innovation for Financial Inclusion, Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, 1st edn (Elsevier Inc., 2017), ii. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812282-2.00018-8

Peterson K. Ozili, “Impact of digital finance on financial inclusion and stabili.” BorsaI_stanbulReview18-4(2018)329e340http://www.elsevier.com/journals/borsa-istanbul-review/2214-8450. Accesed 2020.

Prasad, E. S. Financial sector regulation and reforms in emerging markets:An overview (No. w16428). National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010.

Pratiwi. Dwi R., Pentingnya Perkembangan Financial Technology dalam Mendorong Keuangan Inklusif, Buletin APBN. Pusat Kajian Anggaran Badan Keahlian DPR-RI, Vol. 3 No. 5 Agustus, 2018. https://berkas.dpr.go.id/puskajianggaran/buletin-apbn/public-file/buletin-apbn-public-64.pdf

Rahmawati, Sari., Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Inklusi Keuangan Dengan Modal Sosial Sebagai Pemediasi (Survey pada masyarakat usia produktif di Kabupaten Bandung). Bandung: Universitas Telkom. https://openlibrary.telkomunivers ity.ac.id/pustaka/ 142571/pengaruh-literasi-keuangan-terhadap-inklusi-keuangan-dengan-modal-sosial-sebagai-p emediasi-survey-pada-masyarakat-usia-produktif-di-kabupaten-bandung-.html, Accessed 2020.

Robbins, Stephen P., Perilaku Orgainsasi Cet-2, Jakarta: Salemba Empat, 2002.

Roro, Fiska S. R. & Usanti, Ghansham Anand T. P., Pengantar Lembaga Keuangan Syariah. Surabaya: Zifatama Jawara, 2017.

Saputra, Rachmat S. & Dewi, Andrieta S., “Peran Modal Sosial Sebagai Mediator Literasi Keuangan Dan Inklusi Keuangan Pada Kaum Muda Di Indonesia(Studi Kasus Pada Komunitas Investor Saham Pemula).” Jurnal Manajemen Teori dan Terapan Tahun 10. No. 3, Desember 2017. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JMTT/article/viewFile/3064/pdf

Saksanva, Svetlana dan Irina Kuzmina- Merlino, “Fintech as Financial Innovation – The Possibilities and Problems of Implementation”. Europian Research Studies Journal (2017), Volume XX, Issue 3A,

Sakdiyah, M & Arifin, M.A. 2014. Pengembangan Produk-Poduk Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah. EQUILIBRIUM 2(1): pp. 157-173.

Salampasis, D. and Anne Laure M., FinTech: Harnessing Innovation for Financial Inclusion, Handbook of Blockchain, Digital Finance, and Inclusion, 1st edn (Elsevier Inc., 2017), ii . https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812282-2.00018-8

Sanistasya, Poppy Alvianolita, Kusdi Rahardjo, and Mohammad Iqbal, ‘Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Dan Inklusi Keuangan Terhadap Kinerja Usaha Kecil Di Kalimantan Timur’, Ekonomia, 14 (2019), 48–59. https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/economia/article/.../23192/pd

Setyawati, Irma, and Sugeng Suroso, ‘Sharia Financial Literacy And Effect On Social Economic Factors ( Survey On Lecturer In Indonesia )’, International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 5 (2016), 82–102. https://www.ijstr.org/.../Sharia-Financial-Literacy-And-Effect-On-Social-Economic-Fa.

Singarimbun, M. & Effendi, S. Metode Penelitian Survei. Jakarta : LP3ES, 1989.

Siregar S. 2010. Statistika Deskriptif untuk Penelitian. Jakarta (ID): PT Raja Grafindo Persada

Scott, S. V., Van Reenen, J., & Zachariadis, M., The long-term effect ofdigital innovation on bank performance: An empirical study of SWIFTadoption in financial services. Research Policy (2017), 46(5), 984-1004

Shen, Chung Hua, Shih Jie Lin, De Piao Tang, and Yu Jen Hsiao, ‘The Relationship between Financial Disputes and Financial Literacy’, Pacific Basin Finance Journal, 36 (2016), 46–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pacfin.2015.11.002.

Skagerlund, Kenny, Thérèse Lind, Camilla Strömbäck, Gustav Tinghög, and Daniel Västfjäll, ‘Financial Literacy and the Role of Numeracy–How Individuals’ Attitude and Affinity with Numbers Influence Financial Literacy’, Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics , 74 (2018), 18–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2018.03.004.

Soon, Liew Nam, and Brian Thung, ‘ASEAN FinTech Census 2018’, 2018, 48

Sutedi, Adrian, Perbankan Syariah: Tinjauan Dan Beberapa Segi Hukum, Jakarta: Ghalia, 2009.

Tushmaan, M. & Nadler, D., Organizing for Innovation, California management review (1986), 28(3), pp. 74-92.

Toolkit, Infe, The Toolkit, Infe Secretariat, and Economic Co-operation, ‘For Measuring Financial Literacy And’, 2015

Tsalitsa A, Rachmansyah Y., Analisis pengaruh literasi keuangan dan faktor demografi terhadap pengambilan kredit pada pt. columbia cabang kudus. Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen (2017). 31(01) :1-13

Trisadini Prasastinah Usanti, Fiska Silvia Raden Roro dan Ghansham Anand, Pengantar Lembaga Keuangan Syariah, Surabaya: Zifatama Jawara, 2017.

Trisadini UP dan Abdul Shomad, Hukum Perbankan, Surabaya: Universita Airlangga dan Lutfansah Media, 2015.

UNEP. 2016. UNEP Frontiers 2016 Report: Emerging Issues of Environmental Concern. United Nations Environmental Programme Nairobi. URL: https://environmentlive.unep.org/media/docs/assessments/UNEP_Frontiers_2016_report_emerging_issues_of_environmental_concern.pdf

United Nations Environment Program (UNEP),Fintech and Sustainable Development : Assessing the Implications. Desember 2016.

Utami, P. (2019). Strategic Management in the Zakat Growth Acceleration Framework in Indonesia. International Journal of Economics, Business and Management Studies, 6(2), 149-158.

Utami, P. (2019). Digital Banking Reflection and Zakat Accoutability Sharia Banking in Indonesia. Eastern Journal of Economics and Finance, 4(1), 31-40.

Utami, P., & Julianas, D. (2019). Management of Zakat Payment Based on Fintech for the Good Corporate Governance Improvement. Eastern Journal of Economics and Finance, 4(2), 41-50.

Welly, Kardinal, and Ratna Juwita, ‘Analisis Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Keputusan Investasi Di STIE Multi Data Palembang’, Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, (2012), 1–16

Wiese, A. and others, ‘CSR Failures in Food Supply Chains – an Agency Perspective’, British Food Journal, 115.1 (2013), 92–107. https://doi.org/10.1108/00070701311289894

Yaacob, Yazilmiwati, and Ilhaamie Abdul Ghani Azmi, ‘Entrepreneur’s Social Responsibilities From Islamic Perspective: A Study of Muslim Entrepreneurs In Malaysia’, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 58 (2012), 1131–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.1094.

Zou, Jing, and Xiaojun Deng, ‘Financial Literacy, Housing Value and Household Financial Market Participation: Evidence from Urban China’, China Economic Review, 55 (2019), 52–66 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2019.03.008.

Xu, L. & Bilal Z. 2012. Financial literacy around the world – an overview of the evidence with practical suggestions for the way forward. The World Bank: Finance and Private Sector Development. Policy Research Working Paper. 6107: 1-58.

Zahrah, Muhammad A., Ushul Fiqh. Kairo: Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, 1964.

Zimmerman, Jamie M., and Silvia Baur, “Understanding How Consumer Risks in Digital Social Payments Can Erode Their Financial Inclusion Potential.” CGAP Brief, Consultative Group to Assist the Poor, Washington, DC. https://www.cgap.org/sites/default/files/researches/documents/Brief-Understanding-How-Consumer-Risks-in-Digital-Social-Payments-March-2016.pdf




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/alfalah.v5i2.1669

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2020 Basrowi Basrowi

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

INDEXED BY:

Crossref Moraref Google Scholar Indonesia One Search Academia.Edu PKP Index BASEDimensions