Relasi Kuasa Aceh-Johor dalam Hikayat Sultan Aceh Iskandar Muda: Kajian Antropologi Sastra
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29240/estetik.v9i2.17693Keywords:
aceh-johor, antropologi sastra, relasi kuasa, hikayatAbstract
Kajian tentang Aceh dan Johor telah membahas diplomasi, hukum, dan simbol kerajaan, sedangkan hubungan antarmekanisme budaya dalam representasi kekuasaan pada hikayat masih perlu dijelaskan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menafsirkan mekanisme legitimasi relasi kuasa Aceh–Johor dalam Hikayat Sultan Aceh Iskandar Muda edisi alih aksara Ramli Harun. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif-interpretatif dalam perspektif antropologi sastra dengan satu kasus tekstual. Dua belas kelompok episode dikaji melalui pembacaan dekat, pencatatan, dan analisis tematik dua tingkat. Lima sirkuit, yaitu yuridis, religius, kekerabatan, militer-maritim, dan punitif, digunakan sebagai kategori tingkat pertama. Hubungan antarsirkuit kemudian ditafsirkan sebagai pola naratif integratif dan koersif serta fungsi restoratif. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa Raja Raden diintegrasikan melalui pengakuan keputusan, penerimaan Islam, perkawinan, musyawarah, dan pelibatan militer. Si Ujut ditempatkan sebagai sasaran tindakan koersif dalam rangkaian pengingkaran, kekerasan, perlawanan, dan penghukuman. Fungsi restoratif muncul ketika penutupan cerita menghubungkan berakhirnya ancaman Si Ujut dengan keamanan dan kemakmuran Aceh. Pembedaan kedua tokoh menunjukkan bahwa posisi politik dalam cerita ditentukan oleh tindakan dan afiliasi, bukan semata-mata asal kerajaan. Temuan ini menjelaskan konstruksi legitimasi dan konstruksi memori budaya dalam satu edisi hikayat, jangkauannya tidak mencakup pembuktian penerimaan masyarakat atau kebenaran seluruh peristiwa sejarah.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Reza Pahlevi Ginting, AB Takko Bandung, Alexandra de Araujo Tilman
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