The Urgency of Maturity to Get Married and Its Relevance to Family Life Goals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v8i1.5324Keywords:
Underage Marriage, Islamic Law, Marriage Age, Maqâshid al-Syarî’ahAbstract
This paper aims to explore aspects of the legitimacy of limiting the age of marriage from the perspective of maqâshid al-syarî'ah. Early marriage is regarded as highly common ini Indonesia. According to data for 2020, 1 in 9 or almost 11% of Indonesian girls get married before becoming 18 years old. Through Law Number 16 of 2019 about Amendments to Law Number 1 of 1974 about Marriage, the government is trying to suppress the practice of early marriage through limiting the age of marriage to 19 years. Research methods are qualitative-explanative method, this paper attempts to analyze the texts and doctrines of fiqh scholars relating to the age of marriage and relate them to the purpose of marriage through the point of view of maqâshid al-syarî'ah. Through this method, it has been discovered that that marriage is a noble Islamic law and the only institution that legalizes sexual relations as a primary need (daruri) for human being in order to realize the maintenance of religion (hifzh al-dîn) through the avoidance of the practice of adultery, as well as maintaining the sustainability of mankind (hifzh al-nasl). Considering that marriage is closely related to responsibilities, it can be concluded that arrangement 19 years as the ideal age for marriage is considered to be in line with the maqâshid of marriage. Carrying out underage marriages will cause mafsadah, because it has negatives effect on health, fertility and causes bad social impacts so that maqâshid marriage cannot be realized.
Downloads
References
Agustian, Hesti. “Gambaran Kehidupan Pasangan Yang Menikah Di Usia Muda Di Kabupaten Dharmasraya.†SPEKTRUM: Jurnal Pendidikan Luar Sekolah (PLS) 1, no. 1 (2013): 205. https://doi.org/10.24036/spektrumpls.v1i1.1516.
Al-‘Asqalâni, Ibn Hajar. Al-Ishâbah Fî Tamyîz Al-Shahâbah. Beirut: Dar al Kutub al Ilmiyah, n.d.
———. Tahdzîb Al-Tahdzîb. Beirut: DÄr al-Fikr, 1984.
Al-’Amili, Ali Husain Muhammad Makki. Al-Thalaq Khata’u Man. Beirut: Muassasah al-Urwah al-Wutsqa al-Kasani, n.d.
Al-Baihaqi Abu Bakar Ahmad al Husain, Ibn al. Syu’ab Al-Iman. Riyadh: Maktabah al-Rusd, 2003.
Al-Bukhariy, Abu Abdillah Muhammad bin Isma`il. Shahih Al-Bukhariy. Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1992.
Al-Dzahabi, Syams al-Dîn. Mîzân Al-I’tidâl. Beirut: Dar al-Ma`rifah, 1963.
Al-Jauziyyah, Muhammad ibn al-Qayyim. ZÄd Al-Ma’Äd FÄ« Hady Khair Al-‘IbÄd. Beirut: Muassasah al-Risalah, 1994.
Al-Naysaburiy, Abu Husayn Muslim bin al-Hajjaj al-Qusyairiy. Shahih Muslim. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyah, 1992.
Al-Qahthâni, Usâmah bin Sa’îd. Al-Fiqh Al-‘Am. Riyadh: Dâr al-Fadhilah, 2012.
Al-Qurthubi Muhammad bin Ahmad. Al-Jâmi’ Li Ahkâm Al-Qur`ân. Kairo: Dâr al-Kutub al-Mishriyyah, 1964.
Al-Shan’ani, Muhammad bin Isma’il al-Amir. Subulus Salam Al-Muwshilah Ila Bulughil Maram. Kairo: Dăr al-Jauzi, n.d.
Al-Syaibani, Ahmad Ibn Hambal. Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hambal. Beirut: Muassasah al-Risalah, 2001.
Al-Syarbini, Muhammad bin Ahmad al-Khatîb. MughnÄ« Al-MuhtÄj. Damaskus: DÄr al-Fikr, 1997.
Al-SyÄthibÄ«, AbÅ« IsḥÄk. Al-MuwÄfaqÄt Fi UshÅ«l Al-Syarī’ah. Beirut: DÄr al-Ma’rifah, 1975.
Al-Thabrani, Sulaiman bin Ahmad. Al-Mu’jam Al-Kabîr. Kairo: Maktabah Ibn Taimiyyah, 1983.
Anshori, Teguh. “Analisi Usia Ideal Perkawinan Maqasid Syari’ah.†Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling 53, no. 9 (2019): 1689–99.
Aripurnami, Sita. Perempuan Dan Pemberdayaan. Jakarta: Program Studi Kajian Wanita UI, 1977.
Ash-Siddiqy, Hasbi. Pengantar Hukum Islam. II. Jakarta: Bulan Bintang, 1975.
Asman, Asman. “Pernikahan Di Bawah Umur Akibat Hamil Di Luar Nikah Dan Dampak Psikologis Pada Anak Di Desa Makrampai Kalimantan Barat.†Al-Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Islam 4, no. 1 (2019): 79. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v4i1.784.
Asrori, Achmad. “Batas Usia Perkawinan Menurut Fukaha Dan Penerapannya Dalam Undang-,†1982.
Astqolani, Ibn Hajar al. “Fath Al Bari Bi Syarh Shahih Al Bukhari.†Beirut, Libanon: al Risalah al Alamiyah, n.d.
Atabik, Ahmad, and Koridatul Mudhiiah. “Pernikahan Dan Hikmahnya Perspektif Hukum Islam.†Yudisia 5, no. 2 (2014): 293–94.
Athiyyah, Shaqr. Mausû’ah Al-Usrah Tahta Ri’âyah Al-Islâm. Kairo: al-Dâr al-Mishriyyah li al-Kitâb, 1991.
Audah, Abd al-Qadir. Al-Tasyri’ Al-Jinai Al-Islam Juz I. Kairo: Dar al-Urubah, 1964.
Bastomi, Hasan. “Pernikahan Dini Dan Dampaknya (Tinjauan Batas Umur Perkawinan Menurut Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Perkawinan Indonesia).†Pernikahan Dini Dan Dampaknya 7, no. 2 (2016): 354–84. Depag.
Bogue, Donald J. Principles of Demography. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1969.
Darussamin, Zikri. “Marital Rape Sebagai Alasan Perceraian Dalam Kajian MaqÄá¹£id Syarī’Ah.†Al-Ahwal 12, no. 1 (2019): 84–98. https://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/syariah/Ahwal/article/view/1727/1599.
Elkhairati, Elkhairati. “Pembatasan Usia Perkawinan (Tinjauan Undang-Undang Dan Maqashid Asy-Syari’ah).†Al-Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Islam 3, no. 1 (2018): 87. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v3i1.403.
Hamka. Tafsir Al Azhar. Jakarta: Pustaka Panji Masyarakat, 1984.
Hurlock, E. B. Psikologi Perkembangan; Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan, Terj. Istiwidayanti Dan Soedjarwo. Jakarta: Erlangga, 1999.
Ibn Katsir, Isma’il Ibn Umar. Tafsir Ibn Katsîr. Kairo: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1978.
ibn Muhammad, al-Bujairami Sulaiman. Hasyiyah Al-Bujairami ’ala Al-Khatib. Beirut: Dar al Fikr, 1995.
Ibn Rusyd, Muhammad bin Ahmad. Bidâyah Al-Mujtahid Wa Nihâyah Al-Muqtashid. Kairo: DÄr al-Hadits, 1982.
Ibnu Amin, Lendrawati, Faisal Efendi, Hertasmaldi. “The Concept of Baligh Perspective of Fiqh and Positive Law.†Al-Istinbath 7 (2022): 441–66.
Mernissi, Fatima. Beyond The Veil; Male-Female Dynamics in Modern Muslim Society. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.
Muhammad, Husein. Fiqh Perempuan. Yogyakarta: LKiS, 2001.
Musthofa al-Khinn, Musthofa al-Bugho, ‘Ali al-Syurbajiy. Al-Fiqhu Al-Manhajiy ‘Alâ Madzhab Al-Imâm Asy Syafi’I. Damaskus: Dăr al-Qalam, 1992.
Rahmawati, Melinda, and Heni Ani Nuraeni. “Peran Dispensasi Kawin Dalam Peningkatan Angka Pernikahan Dini Di Wilayah Kotamadya Jakarta Barat.†Al-Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Islam 6, no. 1 (2021): 1. https://doi.org/10.29240/jhi.v6i1.1578.
RidhÄ, Muhammad RÄsyîd. Tafsir Al-ManÄr. Kairo: Al-Manar, 2000.
Rohman, Holilur. “Batas Usia Ideal Pernikahan Perspektif Maqasid Shariah.†Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities 1, no. 1 (2017): 67–92. https://doi.org/10.21580/jish.11.1374.
Said, Umar. Hukum Islam Di Indonesia Tentang Perkawinan. Surabaya: Cempaka, 2000.
Sayyid Sâbiq. Fiqh Al-Sunnah. Beirut: Dâr al-Kitab al-‘Arabi, 1977.
Shodikin, Akhmad. “Pandangan Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Nasional Tentang Batas Usia Perkawinan.†Mahkamah : Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 9, no. 1 (2015): 114–24. http://www.syekhnurjati.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/mahkamah/article/view/423.
Sri Handayani Hanum. Perkawinan Usia Belia. Yogyakarta: Pusat Penelitian Kependudukan UGM dengan Ford Foundation, 1997.
Subchi, Imam, Qosim Arsadani, Muhammad Ishar Helmi, and Efin Faridho. “Legal Policy of Child Marriage In the Covid-19 Pandemic Period.†Samarah 5, no. 2 (2021): 846–66. https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v5i2.10570.
Sumner, Cate. Mengakhiri Pernikahan Anak Di Indonesia: Peran Pengadilan. Melbourne: Center for Indonesian Law, Islam and Sociey The University of Melbourne, 2020. https://www.unicef.org/indonesia/child-protection/stories/saying-no-child-marriage-indonesia.
Syarifudin, Amir. Meretas Kebekuan Ijtihad. Jakarta: Ciputat Press, 2006.
Wafa, Moh Ali. “Telaah Kritis Terhadap Perkawinan Usia Muda Menurut Hukum Islam.†Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah 17, no. 2 (2017): 389–412. https://doi.org/10.15408/AJIS.V17I2.6232.
Wulandari dan Sarwoprasodjo. “Pengaruh Status Ekonomi Keluarga Terhadap Motif Menikah Usia Dini.†Sodality: Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan 02, no. 01 (2014): 53–62.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Authors who publish with Al-Istinbath : Jurnal Hukum Islam agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CC BY-SA 4.0 Deed | Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International | Creative Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).