Konsep Historis Al-Qur’an dalam Pandangan John Wansbrough: Sebuah Tinjauan worldview Islam
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29240/alquds.v7i1.5561Keywords:
Authenticity, Islamic worldview, John Wansbrough, Al-Qur'an, Muhammad SAWAbstract
In the book of Qur'anic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation, John Wansbrough gives a very sharp critique of the Qur'an. He argues, the Qur'an originates from the Judeo-Christian tradition and the intervention of the Prophet Muhammad on the contents of the Qur'an. Furthermore, it is understood in the view of the life of Muslims that the Qur'an is a holy book sourced from God without any human intervention. For this reason, This paper aims to provide a critical note on John Wansbrough's thoughts on the Qur'an with an overview of the Islamic worldview. This study is a literature study, tracing the works of John Wansbrough both from primary and secondary sources. The results of this study show the evidence: first of all, John Wansbrough's thought is not appropriate for studying and criticizing Qur'an, because he used the methods of historical criticism and literary criticism. Second, both methods have the same result, namely the questionable authenticity of the Qur'an, as in Jewish and Christian scriptures. Third, Wansbrough's fallacy is based on a wrong perspective on key concepts in Islam, i.e, the concepts of God, Prophethood, and Revelation in Islam.
Downloads
References
‘ImÄrah, Muhammad. ShubhÄt Ḥaula Al-IslÄm. Kairo: DÄr Nahá¸ah, 2002.
Abu Al-Sa’ūd, ‘Aá¹iyÄt. Falsafah Al-TÄrikh ‘inda Vico. Alexandria: Mansha’ah al-Ma’Ärif, 1997.
Abu Ashi, M. Salim. Maqalatani Fi At-Ta’wil Ma’alim Fi Al-Manhaj Wa Rosd Li Al-Inhiraf. Kairo: Dar Al-Basha`ir, 2003.
Abu Zayd, Naá¹£r ḤÄmid. MafhÅ«m Al-Naṣṣ DirÄsah FÄ« ‘UlÅ«m Al-Qur’Ān. Beirut: Markaz al-TsaqÄfÄ« al-‘ArabÄ«, 2014.
Adams, Charles J. “Reflections on the Work of John Wansbrough.†Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 9, no. 1 (1997).
Agustono, Ihwan. “Karakteristik Kesarjanaan Barat Kontemporer Dalam Studi Al-Qur’an.†Pascasarjana Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel, 2018.
Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. Islam Dan Filsafat Sains Prolegomena to The Metaphysics of Islam. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 2001.
Al-Attas, Syed Naquib. Prolegomena to the Metaphysics of Islam. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 2001.
Al-ShÄá¹ibÄ«, IbrahÄ«m bin MÅ«sÄ. Al-MuwÄfaqÄt. Edited by Abu ‘Ubaid Mashhur bin Hasan Ali SalmÄn. Kairo: DÄr Ibn ‘AffÄn, 1997.
Amal, Taufik Adnan. Rekonstruksi Sejarah Al-Qur’an. Jakarta: Yayasan Abad Demokrasi, 2011.
Arif, Syamsuddin. Orientalis Dan Diabolisme Pemikiran. Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2008.
Arkoun, Mohammed. Rethinking Islam Today. Amerika: Sage Publication, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716203588001003.
———. The Unthought in Contemporary Isalmic Thought. London: Saqi Books, 2002.
Armstrong, Karen. A History of God. Edited by Pentj. Zaimul Am. Bandung: Mizan, 2004.
Azmi, Ahmad Sanusi. “Crystallization of The Quran: An Analysis of John Wansbrough’s Theory.†Wawasan: Jurnal Ilmiah Agama Dan Sosial Budaya 2, no. 2 (December 2017): 237–44.
Badawi, Abdurrahman. Ensiklopedi Tokoh Orientalis. Yogyakarta: LKIS, 2003.
Bakti, Andi Faisal. “Paradigma Andrew Rippin Dalam Studi Tafsir.†JSQ 1, no. 2 (2006).
Berg, Herbert. Islamic Origins Reconsidered: John Wansbrough and the Study of Early Islam. Special Issue, Method & Theory in the Study of Religion, 9, 1, 1997.
———. The Depelopment of Exegesis in Early Islam. London & New York: Routledge, 2005.
Bleicher, Josef. Contemporary Hermeneutics: Hermeneutics as Method, Philosophy and Critique. London, Boston and Henley: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1982. https://doi.org/10.2307/589940.
Boullata, Issa J. Book Reviews: Qur’anic Studies: Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation. Muslim World67, 1977.
Busse, Heribert. Al-Masyru’ Al-Qaumiy Li Al-Tarjamah. Kairo: Majlis A’la li Tsaqafah, 2005.
Calder, Norman. “History and Nostalgia: Reflections on John Wansbrough’s ‘The Sectarian Milieu.’†Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 9, no. 1 (1997).
Fadholi. “Alquran Dan Orientalisme,†2014.
Gray, Edward Mcqueen. Old Testament Criticism a Historical Sketch. New York and London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, 1923.
Hawting, G.R. “John Wansbrough, Islam, and Monotheism.†Method & Theory in the Study of Religion 9, no. 1 (1997).
Husaini, Adian. Membendung Arus Liberalisme Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar, 2009.
Karim, Taufiq Abdullah & M. Rusli. Metodologi Penelitian Agama: Sebuah Pengantar. Yogyakarta: Tiara Kencana, 1989.
Martin, C. Richard. Approach to Islam in Religious Studies. USA: The Univeresity of Arizona Press, 1985.
Martin, Richard C. Aproaches to Religious Studies. USA: The Univeresity of Arizona Press, 1985.
Martin, Richard C. Pendekatan Kajian Islam Dalam Studi Agama. Surakarta: UMS, 2002.
Mubarok, Ahmad Zaki. “Studi Tentang Historisitas Al-Qur’an: Telaah Pemikiran Mm. Azami Dalam The History of The Quranic Text From Relevation To Compilation.†Hermeneutik 9, no. 1 (2015): 1.
Norton, David. A History of The Bible as Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.
Nur Kholis Setiawan, Muhammad. Interaksi Sarjana Barat Dengan Islam Tentang Sejarah Teks Al-Qur’an, n.d.
Qattan, Manna’ Khalil. MabÄhiṡ Fi UlÅ«mil QurÄn. Kairo: Maktabah Al-Ma’arif, 2000.
Rahman, Fazlur. Tema Pokok Al-Qur’an. Bandung: Pustaka, 1996.
———. The Major Themes of the Quran. Edited by Anas Pent. Mahyudin. Bandung: Pustaka, 1985.
Reynolds, Gabriel Said. The Qur’an in Its Historical Context. Canada: Routledge, 2008.
Rippin, Andrew. “Literary of Al-Qur’an and Sira the Methodology of John Wansbrough,†n.d.
Saepudin, Dindin Moh, M. Solahudin, and Izzah Faizah Siti Rusydati Khairani. “Iman Dan Amal Saleh (Studi Kajian
Semantik).†Al-Bayan: Jurnal Studi Al-Qur’an Dan Tafsir 1, no. 2 (2017).
Salim, Fahmi. Kritik Terhadap Studi Qur’an Kaum Liberal. Jakarta: Gema Insani Press, 2010.
Suryadilaga, Muhammad Alfatih. “Kajian Atas Pemikiran John Wansbrough Tentang Al-Qur’an Dan Nabi Muhammad.†Tsaqafah 7, no. 1 (2011): 89–108.
Ulfiana. “Otentisitas Al-Qur’an Perspektif John Wansbrough.†Ushuluna: Jurnal Ilmu Ushuluddin 5, no. 212–231 (2019).
Wan Daud, Wan Moh Nor. The Educational Philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas: An Exposition of the Original Concept of Islamization. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC, 1998.
Wansbrough, John. Quranic Studies; Sources and Methods of Scriptural Interpretation. New Jersey: prometheus Books, 2004.
Zarkasyi, Hamid Fahmy. “Worldview Islam Dan Kapitalisme Barat.†TSAQAFAH 9, no. 1 (2013): 15. https://doi.org/10.21111/tsaqafah.v9i1.36.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Authors who publish with AL QUDS : Jurnal Studi Alquran dan Hadis agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).